Psychology flashcards

What this deck covers

• Topic 1: Psychology of the Individual (6 cards, 2 dot points)

  • Intelligence and Its Measurement (SACE Stage 2 Psychology) (3)
  • Theories of Personality (SACE Stage 2 Psychology) (3)
• Topic 2: Psychological Health and Wellbeing (15 cards, 3 dot points)

  • Models of Mental Health (SACE Stage 2 Psychology) (5)
  • Stress and Coping (SACE Stage 2 Psychology) (5)
  • Treatments and interventions (SACE Stage 2 Psychology) (5)
• Topic 3: Organisational Psychology (10 cards, 2 dot points)

  • Group behaviour and the workplace (SACE Stage 2 Psychology) (5)
  • Motivation and leadership (SACE Stage 2 Psychology) (5)
• Topic 4: Social Influence (14 cards, 3 dot points)

  • Attitudes and attribution (SACE Stage 2 Psychology) (5)
  • Conformity and obedience (SACE Stage 2 Psychology) (4)
  • Prejudice and discrimination (SACE Stage 2 Psychology) (5)
• Topic 5: The Psychology of Learning (10 cards, 3 dot points)

  • Classical conditioning (SACE Stage 2 Psychology) (3)
  • Observational learning (SACE Stage 2 Psychology) (4)
  • Operant conditioning (SACE Stage 2 Psychology) (3)

Sample cards from this deck

1. Fill the gap

   Intelligence and Its Measurement (SACE Stage 2 Psychology)

   There is no single agreed definition, but most include the ability to ___ to new situations.

   There is no single agreed definition, but most include the ability to learn from experience, reason, solve problems and adapt to new situations.

2. Definition

   Models of Mental Health (SACE Stage 2 Psychology)

   Define Biological (medical) model

   Disorders arise from physical causes such as genetics, brain structure, and neurotransmitter imbalances (for example, low serotonin linked to depression). Treatment focuses on medication and physical therapies. Strength: scientific and supports effective drug treatments. Weakness: can ignore life experiences and social context.

3. Definition

   Group behaviour and the workplace (SACE Stage 2 Psychology)

   Define Role conflict

   Role conflict (incompatible demands from different roles) and role ambiguity (unclear expectations) both reduce satisfaction and performance, which is why clear job design matters. Norms, meanwhile, can be productive (punctuality, helping colleagues) or counter-productive (tolerating low effort), and once established they exert strong conformity pressure on new members.

4. Definition

   Attitudes and attribution (SACE Stage 2 Psychology)

   Define Cognitive dissonance

   Leon Festinger argued that holding two inconsistent thoughts, or acting against an attitude, produces uncomfortable tension (dissonance). People reduce it by changing the attitude, changing the behaviour, or adding new justifications.

5. Definition

   Observational learning (SACE Stage 2 Psychology)

   Define Observational learning

   Observational learning (also called modelling or social learning) is learning that occurs by watching the behaviour of others and the consequences they experience, rather than through direct trial and error. The person whose behaviour is observed is the model.

6. Fill the gap

   Theories of Personality (SACE Stage 2 Psychology)

   Founded by ___, this approach argues that behaviour is largely driven by unconscious conflicts and early childhood experiences.

   Founded by Sigmund Freud, this approach argues that behaviour is largely driven by unconscious conflicts and early childhood experiences.

7. Definition

   Stress and Coping (SACE Stage 2 Psychology)

   Define Self-report scales

   Self-report scales (for example life-event inventories that add up recent changes) are easy to administer but rely on memory and honesty. Physiological measures such as heart rate, blood pressure and cortisol levels are objective but expensive and affected by other factors. Combining self-report and physiological data gives a more valid picture than either alone, which is the same reliability-and-validity reasoning used across psychological measurement.

8. Definition

   Motivation and leadership (SACE Stage 2 Psychology)

   Define Maslow's hierarchy of needs

   People are motivated to satisfy needs in order, from physiological and safety needs up to belonging, esteem and finally self-actualisation. At work this suggests pay and security matter first, then recognition and meaningful work.

9. Definition

   Conformity and obedience (SACE Stage 2 Psychology)

   Define Obedience

   Obedience is following the direct commands of a person in authority.

10. Fill the gap

    Classical conditioning (SACE Stage 2 Psychology)

    It is explained by ___, the idea that animals are biologically primed to associate certain cues (taste with illness) because doing so aided survival.

    It is explained by preparedness, the idea that animals are biologically primed to associate certain cues (taste with illness) because doing so aided survival.