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VICModern HistoryQuick questions
Unit 2: Change and conflict (The changing world order, 1945 onwards)
Quick questions on The rise of China since 1978 (VCE Modern History Unit 2)
15short Q&A pairs drawn directly from our worked dot-point answer. For full context and worked exam questions, read the parent dot-point page.
What is reform and Opening?Show answer
Deng's Third Plenum announced a turn from class struggle to economic development.
What is household responsibility system?Show answer
Peasants retained surplus production after meeting state quotas. Agricultural output rose rapidly; poverty fell.
What is special Economic Zones?Show answer
Shenzhen, Zhuhai, Shantou, Xiamen. Foreign investment welcomed; export-led industrial growth.
What is tiananmen Square?Show answer
Students protested for political reform. Martial law declared (20 May). Military crackdown (3-4 June 1989).
What is deng's southern tour?Show answer
After a conservative reaction post-Tiananmen, Deng toured Shenzhen reaffirming reform. Set the trajectory for the 1990s.
What is sustained growth?Show answer
Annual growth averaged $9$-$10$% through the 1990s and 2000s.
What is wTO accession?Show answer
Integrated China into the global trading system. Manufacturing scale and export competitiveness expanded rapidly.
What is global Financial Crisis?Show answer
China's stimulus response ($4$ trillion yuan) and continued growth contrasted with Western recession. Position globally enhanced.
What is 2010?Show answer
China overtook Japan to become the world's second-largest economy.
What is anti-corruption campaign?Show answer
Major political tool; also eliminated rivals.
What is constitutional change?Show answer
Removed presidential term limits, allowing Xi to remain in power indefinitely.
What is belt and Road Initiative?Show answer
Trillion-dollar infrastructure investment programme across Asia, Africa, Europe. Projection of Chinese influence.
What is xinjiang?Show answer
Internment of Uighur Muslims (from 2017). Estimated $1$ million held. Documented in leaked Chinese government files; international condemnation but limited action.
What is hong Kong?Show answer
National Security Law (June 2020) ended the autonomy granted at the 1997 handover. Mass protests (2019-2020) suppressed.
What is taiwan tensions?Show answer
Xi's commitment to reunification (using force if necessary). Pelosi visit (August 2022) prompted unprecedented Chinese military exercises.