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QLDModern HistoryQuick questions
Unit 2: Movements in the modern world
Quick questions on The global human rights movement after 1945 (QCE Modern History Unit 2)
14short Q&A pairs drawn directly from our worked dot-point answer. For full context and worked exam questions, read the parent dot-point page.
What is uN Charter?Show answer
Affirmed "fundamental human rights" but did not enumerate them.
What is universal Declaration of Human Rights?Show answer
Drafted by the UN Commission on Human Rights under Eleanor Roosevelt. $48-0-8$ vote. The Soviet bloc and Saudi Arabia abstained.
What is international Covenant on Civil and Political Rights?Show answer
Free expression, free assembly, fair trial, freedom from torture and arbitrary detention.
What is international Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights?Show answer
Right to work, health, education, social security, culture.
What is european Convention on Human Rights?Show answer
Council of Europe instrument. Created the European Court of Human Rights (Strasbourg). The most developed regional human rights system.
What is american Convention on Human Rights?Show answer
Inter-American Court of Human Rights.
What is african Charter on Human and Peoples' Rights?Show answer
African Court on Human and Peoples' Rights.
What is conference on Security and Cooperation in Europe?Show answer
Final Act signed by $35$ states including the USSR. Basket III committed signatories to respect human rights and fundamental freedoms.
What is amnesty International?Show answer
British lawyer Peter Benenson's article "The Forgotten Prisoners" (Observer, 28 May 1961) launched the movement. Initial focus on prisoners of conscience. Awarded the Nobel Peace Prize (1977).
What is human Rights Watch?Show answer
Originally Helsinki Watch, founded to monitor Helsinki Accord compliance. Expanded globally in the 1980s and 1990s.
What is médecins Sans Frontières?Show answer
Médical and human-rights advocacy in conflict zones.
What is nuremberg and Tokyo trials?Show answer
Post-WWII trials of major war criminals.
What is iCTY and ICTR?Show answer
UN ad hoc tribunals for the former Yugoslavia and Rwanda. Tried major war criminals; established jurisprudence on rape as a war crime, genocide, and command responsibility.
What is rome Statute?Show answer
$120-7-21$ vote at the Rome Conference. Established the International Criminal Court (ICC). Entered into force 1 July 2002.