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QLDGeographyQuick questions
Unit 4: Managing population change
Quick questions on Population projections and policy for QCE Geography Unit 4
3short Q&A pairs drawn directly from our worked dot-point answer. For full context and worked exam questions, read the parent dot-point page.
What is the twenty-first century outlook?Show answer
Global population, around eight billion, is projected to keep growing for several decades before levelling off and possibly declining late in the century. The pattern is highly uneven. Almost all future growth is projected for sub-Saharan Africa and parts of South Asia, where populations remain youthful and fertility is still relatively high. In contrast, much of Europe and East Asia faces population decline and rapid ageing as fertility sits well below replacement level.
What is ageing as the dominant challenge?Show answer
For developed countries the defining twenty-first century issue is ageing: a rising share of older people and a shrinking working-age population. This raises the aged dependency ratio, pressures pensions and health systems, and can slow economic growth as the workforce contracts. Japan is the clearest case, with a shrinking, rapidly ageing population. Australia is ageing more slowly, cushioned by migration.
What are population policies?Show answer
Governments use policy to influence population trajectories:
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