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NSWModern HistoryQuick questions
Section IV (Peace and Conflict): Conflict in Europe 1935-1945
Quick questions on Growth of European tensions 1935-1939: HSC Modern History Peace and Conflict
8short Q&A pairs drawn directly from our worked dot-point answer. For full context and worked exam questions, read the parent dot-point page.
What are the failure of the League of Nations?Show answer
The League of Nations had been founded in 1920 to provide collective security through arbitration and sanctions. It had limited successes in the 1920s (Aaland Islands 1921, Upper Silesia 1921) but no military force and no participation by the United States.
What is the Italian invasion of Abyssinia (1935 to 1936)?Show answer
Italian forces invaded Abyssinia from Eritrea and Somaliland on 3 October 1935. The campaign used aerial bombing and mustard gas. The League imposed limited sanctions on 18 November 1935 (arms and credits but not oil) which hurt Italy without stopping the war. Italian forces took Addis Ababa on 5 May 1936; Emperor Haile Selassie addressed the League at Geneva on 30 June 1936 with his famous warning, "It is us today; it will be you tomorrow."
What is the Spanish Civil War (1936 to 1939)?Show answer
The Spanish military rising began on 17 July 1936; the Civil War followed. Hitler and Mussolini backed General Franco's Nationalists; the USSR backed the Republican government; Britain and France ran the Non-Intervention Committee (September 1936) that produced no intervention.
What is the end of appeasement?Show answer
The Prague occupation ended British public support for appeasement. Chamberlain announced a unilateral British guarantee of Polish independence on 31 March 1939. France joined the guarantee. Romania and Greece received guarantees shortly after.
What is the Nazi-Soviet Pact?Show answer
The German-Soviet Non-Aggression Pact was signed in Moscow by Foreign Ministers Joachim von Ribbentrop and Vyacheslav Molotov on 23 August 1939. The Pact:
What is q1?Show answer
Source A is George Steer's Times dispatch on the Guernica bombing (28 April 1937). Using Source A and your own knowledge, explain the international dimension of the Spanish Civil War. [5 marks]
What is q2?Show answer
Evaluate the extent to which the failure of collective security in the 1930s made European war inevitable by 1939. [25 marks]
What is q3?Show answer
Compare the views of Zara Steiner and Antony Beevor on the international dimension of the Spanish Civil War. [10 marks]