Quick questions on Person-centred health care and shared responsibility: HSC Health and Movement Science Focus Area 1

Federal (Commonwealth) Government. Funds and runs the national schemes that make the system universal: Medicare (rebates for medical services), the Pharmaceutical Benefits Scheme (PBS) for subsidised medicines, private health insurance rebates, and a share of public-hospital funding paid to the states under National Health Reform Agreements. It also funds population-specific care - Aboriginal community-controlled health, residential aged care and veterans' health - and the 31 Primary Health Networks.

Private sector. For-profit providers funded through private health insurance and out-of-pocket fees: private hospitals (a large share of elective surgery), private specialists, and most allied-health practices. The private sector adds choice of provider and elective capacity, taking pressure off public waiting lists.

Funds and runs the national schemes that make the system universal: Medicare (rebates for medical services), the Pharmaceutical Benefits Scheme (PBS) for subsidised medicines, private health insurance rebates, and a share of public-hospital funding paid to the states under National Health Reform Agreements. It also funds population-specific care - Aboriginal community-controlled health, residential aged care and veterans' health - and the 31 Primary Health Networks.

Operate and co-fund public hospitals, run ambulance services in most jurisdictions, deliver community and public/mental health programs, and run preventive services such as immunisation and cancer screening. They are the level that actually RUNS most hospital-based care.

Handles environmental health (waste and water safety, food-premises inspection), local prevention (immunisation clinics, health-promotion programs) and, in some areas, home- and community-based support services. Smaller in scale, but it is where prevention reaches the local population.

For-profit providers funded through private health insurance and out-of-pocket fees: private hospitals (a large share of elective surgery), private specialists, and most allied-health practices. The private sector adds choice of provider and elective capacity, taking pressure off public waiting lists.

Mission-driven organisations that fill gaps and serve priority populations: Aboriginal Community Controlled Health Organisations (ACCHOs), the Royal Flying Doctor Service (RFDS) for remote Australia, and charities such as the Cancer Council and the Heart Foundation that run prevention, support and advocacy. The peak body for the ACCHO sector is NACCHO; in 2024 the network had about 145 member ACCHOs operating from more than 550 sites, delivering roughly 3.6 million episodes of care per year to about 410,000 people. ACCHOs are government-funded (Commonwealth Indigenous-specific grants, Medicare, some state grants) but community-governed - a clear example of government and non-government collaboration.

Say "care organised around the individual's needs, values and preferences, with the patient as an equal partner" and name the Australian Charter of Healthcare Rights (second edition, 2019) with one or two of its seven rights (Partnership, Information). Vague "good care" loses the definition mark.

Replace "charities help" with "NACCHO's network of about 145 ACCHOs across 550+ sites delivered roughly 3.6 million episodes of care in 2024" - a named organisation plus a figure WITH a year earns marks a vague claim cannot.