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VICChemistryQuick questions

Unit 1: How can the diversity of materials be explained?

Quick questions on Covalent bonding, Lewis structures, VSEPR and polarity: VCE Chemistry Unit 1

6short Q&A pairs drawn directly from our worked dot-point answer. For full context and worked exam questions, read the parent dot-point page.

What is covalent bonding?
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A covalent bond is a shared pair of electrons between two non-metal atoms. Each atom contributes one electron to the shared pair. The shared pair is attracted to both nuclei, holding the atoms together.
What are lewis structures?
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A Lewis (electron-dot) structure shows every valence electron as a pair of dots or as a line (for a bonding pair). Procedure:
What is vSEPR theory?
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Valence Shell Electron Pair Repulsion theory states that electron pairs around a central atom repel each other and arrange to maximise their separation. Both bonding pairs and lone pairs count. Multiple bonds count as one electron domain.
What is q1?
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Predict the molecular shape and overall polarity of NH3\text{NH}_3 and BF3\text{BF}_3, and explain the difference. [3 marks]
What is q2?
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Consider SF4\text{SF}_4 with four bonding pairs and one lone pair on sulfur. (a) Predict its geometry. (b) Calculate the approximate bond angles.
What is q3?
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Draw the Lewis structure of CO2\text{CO}_2 and H2O\text{H}_2 \text{O}. (a) State the geometry of each. (b) Compare their overall polarity.

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