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QLDModern HistoryQuick questions
Unit 1: Ideas in the modern world
Quick questions on Fascism and totalitarianism (QCE Modern History Unit 1)
6short Q&A pairs drawn directly from our worked dot-point answer. For full context and worked exam questions, read the parent dot-point page.
What is origins?Show answer
Mussolini founded the Fasci di Combattimento in 1919 from disaffected war veterans. Italy was a victorious but disappointed power after Versailles ("mutilated victory"). The Biennio Rosso (Two Red Years, 1919-1920) saw factory occupations and rural unrest.
What is seizure of power?Show answer
The March on Rome (October 1922). King Victor Emmanuel III appointed Mussolini Prime Minister to avoid civil war.
What is consolidation?Show answer
The Acerbo Law (1923) rigged the electoral system. The murder of socialist deputy Giacomo Matteotti (1924) by Fascist thugs allowed Mussolini to consolidate single-party rule by 1925 with the Leggi Fascistissime.
What is the Fascist state?Show answer
OVRA secret police, corporatist economy, Lateran Pacts with the Vatican (1929), invasion of Ethiopia (1935-1936), alliance with Hitler (1936 Rome-Berlin Axis, 1939 Pact of Steel).
What is rise?Show answer
Through legal means after 1924. Vote share rose from $2.6$% (1928) to $37.3$% (July 1932). German unemployment of $6$ million by 1932 destroyed Weimar's legitimacy.
What is the Nazi state?Show answer
Gestapo and SS, racial laws (Nuremberg Laws, 1935), euthanasia programme (T4, from 1939), rearmament, expansion (Anschluss 1938, Sudetenland 1938, Czechoslovakia 1939, Poland 1939), Holocaust (the systematic murder of approximately six million European Jews, 1941-1945).
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