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QLDChemistryQuick questions

Unit 4: Structure, synthesis and design

Quick questions on IUPAC nomenclature and functional groups (QCE Chemistry Unit 4)

8short Q&A pairs drawn directly from our worked dot-point answer. For full context and worked exam questions, read the parent dot-point page.

What are structural-formula conventions?
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QCAA accepts three structural-formula styles:
What is cH3-CH -CH2-CH3?
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Principal group: -OH (alcohol). Longest chain containing it: 4 carbons. Number so OH gets the lowest locant: from the left, OH is on C2; from the right, OH is on C3.
What is 2CH-CH2-CH2-COOH?
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Principal group: -COOH (highest priority). Longest chain containing COOH: 5 carbons (pentanoic acid). COOH carbon is C1.
What is cH3-CH2-O-CO-CH3?
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Two oxygens between the ester carbon and the next chain identify this as an ester. The acid side (with C=O) is ethanoic; the alcohol side (CH3CH2-) is ethyl. Esters are named alcohol-side first as the alkyl, acid-side second as the -oate.
What is cH3-CO-NH-CH3?
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Amide. Parent is the acid chain bearing C=O (ethan-: 2 carbons). The nitrogen has one methyl substituent, prefixed with "N-" in italics.
What is q1?
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Name the compounds (a) CH3CH2CH(CH3)CH3\text{CH}_3 \text{CH}_2 \text{CH}(\text{CH}_3) \text{CH}_3, (b) CH3CH2COCH3\text{CH}_3 \text{CH}_2 \text{COCH}_3, (c) CH3OCH2CH3\text{CH}_3 \text{OCH}_2 \text{CH}_3. [3 marks]
What is q2?
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Draw the structures of (a) 2-chloropropan-1-ol, (b) ethyl ethanoate. [3 marks]
What is q3?
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Consider the molecule CH3CH2CH2CH2COOH\text{CH}_3 \text{CH}_2 \text{CH}_2 \text{CH}_2 \text{COOH}. (a) Name it. (b) Identify the functional group.

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