Quick questions on Role of stakeholders in ecosystem management: HSC Geography

Citizen science contributions provide data at spatial and temporal scales that professional science cannot match.

Choosing certified products (FSC for timber, MSC for seafood, RSPO for palm oil). Donating to conservation NGOs. Investing in ESG-aligned funds.

Climate strikes (2019 mobilised 300,000+ Australians). Voting on environmental policy. Submission to government consultations and EPBC reviews. School Strike for Climate.

The largest community-based environmental movement in Australia. Around 6,000 Landcare groups nationally with 100,000 active members. Over 1 billion trees planted since 1989. Federal Landcare Program funding around $40 million per year.

Local volunteer groups working on weed control, native planting, beach care, and revegetation in their specific area. Around 5,500 Bushcare groups nationally.

Friends of specific places (Friends of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Friends of Kosciuszko, Friends of the Coorong) raise funds, advocate, and provide volunteer labour.

Founded 1965. The largest environmental NGO in Australia. Advocacy on climate policy, biodiversity, water, and EPBC reform. Around 100,000 members and supporters.

Branch of the global WWF network. Coral reef research, koala conservation, anti-deforestation campaigns. Worked with Reef Foundation on Reef Trust Partnership.

Founded 1991 by environmentalist Bob Brown. Buys and manages private conservation reserves. Owns or co-manages over 1.3 million ha across 12 reserves, with focus on connectivity (Great Eastern Ranges).

Manages over 6.5 million ha across feral-cat-free sanctuaries (Mt Gibson, Faure Island, Newhaven). Operating the largest fenced predator-free area in mainland Australia. Reintroducing 12 mammal species to areas they had become locally extinct.

International NGO with strong campaigns on climate and forestry. Active in anti-coal and anti-deep-sea-mining advocacy.

National umbrella body for Landcare groups (see Community groups above).

The Indigenous Land and Sea Corporation. Reconciliation Australia. Local Aboriginal Land Councils across NSW. The Northern Land Council and Central Land Council in NT.

Reef Catchment Solutions (NGO-grazier partnerships in GBR catchments). The Carbon Market Institute (industry body for carbon-related conservation projects). The Climate Council (climate communication, established 2013 by former Climate Commissioners).

NSW National Parks and Wildlife Service, Parks Victoria, Department of National Parks (QLD), Department of Biodiversity Conservation and Attractions (WA), and counterparts. Manage state-owned protected areas.