Science and environment

ANZSCO 2344Skill level 1Science and environment

Geologist

Map and analyse the earth's structure for mineral exploration, energy and hazard assessment.

Salary

Cited figures from Job Outlook and QILT. ExamExplained does not publish predictive earnings or projections.

FigureAUDSource
Full-time weekly earnings$2750Job Outlook (2025-06-01)
Graduate starting salary$90,000QILT (2025-03-01)

How far does this stretch in each city?

What a geologist actually does

Geologists who work on Australian mine sites or exploration projects often follow a fly-in fly-out (FIFO) roster such as 8 days on, 6 days off or 2 weeks on, 1 week off, working 12-hour shifts at site. Site days involve logging drill core, sampling rock chips, mapping pits or outcrops, and entering data into Leapfrog, MapInfo or acQuire. Off-site weeks are spent in a Perth, Brisbane or Adelaide office interpreting drill results, modelling orebodies and writing technical memos. Mine-site geologists in production work closer to a five-on-two roster. Exploration and resource consultants run more conventional 38 to 45-hour weeks with periodic field trips. Government geologists at Geoscience Australia and state geological surveys run standard public-service hours with fieldwork blocks for regional mapping projects. The work is physically active in the field, with heat, dust and remote conditions to manage. The commodity cycle drives hiring; jobs are plentiful in upswings and tighter in downturns.

Typical tasks

  • Map outcrops and core samples.
  • Interpret geophysical data.
  • Advise on drilling and resource estimation.

Skills you'll use

  • Rock and mineral identification, core logging and structural geology
  • Geophysical methods including seismic, magnetic and gravity interpretation
  • 3D modelling in Leapfrog, Micromine, Vulcan or Surpac
  • JORC Code 2012 reporting for mineral resources and reserves
  • GIS and spatial analysis using ArcGIS or QGIS
  • Field safety, navigation and remote-area work practices
  • Writing technical reports and resource statements

How to become one

  1. 1Finish Year 12 with English, Chemistry, Physics or Earth and Environmental Science, and Maths Methods or Advanced
  2. 2Complete a 3-year Bachelor of Science with a geology or geophysics major, or a Bachelor of Engineering (Mining) for hybrid pathways
  3. 3Add an Honours year (1 year of research project plus thesis), since most graduate exploration and resource roles assume Honours
  4. 4Get hands-on experience through summer field placements, vacation programs with mining companies, or volunteer mapping with universities or state surveys
  5. 5Apply for a graduate exploration or mine-site role with a major (BHP, Rio Tinto, Fortescue, Newmont) or junior explorer, or with a state geological survey
  6. 6Work toward Member status with the Australasian Institute of Mining and Metallurgy (AusIMM) and meet JORC Competent Person criteria after around 5 years of relevant experience

Where you can work

  • Major mining companies (BHP, Rio Tinto, Fortescue, Newmont, South32)
  • Junior and mid-tier explorers listed on ASX
  • Mining consultancies (SRK, CSA Global, AMC, RungePincockMinarco)
  • Oil and gas operators (Woodside, Santos)
  • State geological surveys (GSWA, Geological Survey of NSW, GSQ)
  • Geoscience Australia and CSIRO Mineral Resources
  • Universities (teaching and research-active institutions)

Career progression

Typical stages and salary bands. Salary figures are sourced from Job Outlook, QILT or industry bodies; brackets are 25th-75th percentile not absolute floors or ceilings.

  1. Graduate
    0-2 years
    Typical roles: Graduate geologist, Site or exploration geologist, Junior geophysicist
    Salary band: $85,000 - $115,000 per year (source, sourced 2026-05-21)
  2. Geologist
    3-6 years
    Typical roles: Mine geologist, Exploration geologist, Resource geologist
    Salary band: $130,000 - $170,000 per year (source, sourced 2026-05-21)
  3. Senior geologist
    7-12 years
    Typical roles: Senior resource geologist, Senior exploration geologist, Project geologist
    Salary band: $170,000 - $220,000 per year (source, sourced 2026-05-21)
  4. Principal or Manager
    12+ years
    Typical roles: Principal geologist, Exploration manager, Chief geologist

Is this for you?

You might love this if

  • You enjoy fieldwork in remote and physically demanding settings
  • You are comfortable with FIFO or DIDO rosters during the early years
  • You can read rock and turn observations into a 3D model
  • You can ride out commodity-cycle ups and downs in your sector
  • You are willing to do Honours and join AusIMM for senior progression

This might not suit you if

  • You want a strictly city-based, 9-to-5 office role
  • You are uncomfortable with heat, dust, remote camps or rotating shifts
  • You prefer a sector that does not depend on commodity prices
  • You dislike writing technical reports under JORC or regulatory standards

Three ways in

Uni, TAFE and trade routes for geologist. Not every career has all three; we only list pathways that actually lead to this occupation.

TAFE / VET

Nationally accredited Certificate and Diploma qualifications.

No direct TAFE pathway to this career.

Apprenticeship trade

Earn while you learn through an Australian Apprenticeship.

Not an apprenticeship trade.

Sources

ExamExplained does not publish predictive salary figures. For current Australian earnings data check Job Outlook directly. Career classifications follow the ABS ANZSCO 2022 release.